GeschaftPrice elasticity of demandTalab elastikligi
How much does demand react?
You already know that when price rises, demand falls. But by how much? Price elasticity of demand (PED) measures how strongly the quantity demanded responds to a change in price.
PED = percentage change in quantity demanded ÷ percentage change in price.
Elastic vs. inelastic
The steepness of the demand curve tells the story. A steep curve is inelastic — quantity barely moves. A flat curve is elastic — quantity swings a lot.
- PED between 0 and 1 — inelastic. Demand changes less than price. A price rise increases revenue.
- PED greater than 1 — elastic. Demand changes more than price. A price rise reduces revenue.
- PED = 1 — unit elasticity. Price and quantity change by the same proportion.
A product's price rises from $4 to $5 (a 25% rise) and weekly demand falls from 300 to 270 units (a 10% fall). PED = 10 ÷ 25 = 0.4. Since 0.4 is less than 1, demand is inelastic — so raising the price actually raises the firm's revenue.
Test yourself
Answer all four, then submit.
Based on the Cambridge International AS & A Level Business Coursebook (4th edition), Unit 21: Elasticity of demand.
Talab elastikligi nima?
Ma'lumki, tovar narxi oshsa, unga bo'lgan talab kamayadi. Ammo qanchalik kamayadi? Talab elastikligi — narxning o'zgarishiga talab miqdorining qanchalik javob berishini (sezgirligini) ko'rsatadi.
Elastik va noelastik talab
- Elastik talab — narx ozgina o'zgarsa ham, talab miqdori kuchli o'zgaradi.
- Noelastik talab — narx sezilarli o'zgarsa ham, talab miqdori kam o'zgaradi (masalan, non, dori kabi zaruriy tovarlar).
Xuddi shunday, taklif elastikligi — narx o'zgarishiga taklif miqdorining qanchalik javob berishini bildiradi.
O'zingizni sinang
Uch savolga javob bering va «Yakunlash»ni bosing.
«Iqtisodiyot nazariyasi» darsligi asosida.